ird!; vd;gJ vd;d>
  ird!; vd;gJ vy;yh kdpjDf;Fk; ,Uf;Fk;. Kfj;jpy; cs;svYk;g[fspy; cs;s miwfisj; jhd; ird!; vd;fpd;nwhk;. ,J \f;Fld; bjhlh;g[ila miwfshFk;.. xt;bthU kdpjDf;Fk; vl;L miwfs; ,Jnghd;W ,Uf;Fk;. fz:iz Rw;wpa[s;s miwfs; \f;Fld bjhlh;g[ilaJ vd;gjhy; fhw;nwh l;lk; cs;s miwahf ,Uf;Fk;. xt;bthU ird!pYk; cs;s vYk;ig nghh;j;jpapUf;Fk; jir Rug;gpfs; ,Ug;gjhy; rhjhuzkhfrsp vd;w kpa[f;f!; Ruf;fg;gLk;.,e;j kpa[f;f!; ird!pypUe;J tha; Kfg;g[ tHpahf btspnawp \f;fpw;Fte;J \f;fpyp Ue;J bjhz:ilf;F brd;W ek;ikawpahkny tpG';fp tpLfpd;nwhk;. ,J xU ehisf;F 500 kp.ypapypUe;J xU ypl;lh; tiu cw;gj;jpahFk;. ,J rhjhuzkhf elf;ff; ToaJ. kpa[f;f!; cw;gj;jpahfp btspna nghtJ vd;gJ ,aw;ifahfnt ek;Kila \r;Rg;ghijia Rj;jk; bra;tjw;fhd Vw;ghL MFk;.

  ird!py; ,Ue;J \f;fpw;;F tUk;ghijapy; vjhtJ milg;g[ Vw;gl;lhy; gpur;rpid Vw;gLk;. mizf;fl;Lfspy; ePh; nj';fp epw;gJnghy;/ rsp tPf;fk; Vw;gl;L ird!;f;Fs;nsna j';fptpLk;. mjidrhjhuzkhfr; brhy;Yk;nghJ ePh;nfhh;j;J tpl;ljhf brhy;nthk;. ,e;j njf;fkile;j ePh; tpiutpy; btspnawhtpl;lhy; ghf;Ohpahf;fs; g[Fe;J  tsh;r;rpaile;J khw;wptpLk;. ,jidj;jhd; ,d;bgf;#d; vd;fpd;nwhk;. ,jw;F irdi!o!; vd;W bgauhFk;.

vjdhy; ,e;j milg;g[ tUfpd;wJ>

  Rw;Wg;g[w r{Hyhy; Vw;gLk; myh;$pjhd; Kf;fpa fhuzk;. \f;fpy; rij tsh;r;rpaile;jhYk; ,e;j milg;g[ Vw;gLk;. ,J FHe;ijfspd; \f;fpw;F gpd;g[wk; rij tsh;r;rpaile;jhYk; FHe;ijfSf;F milg;g[fis Vw;gL j;Jk;;. mHw;rp ,d;wp ird!; gpur;rpidia jPh;f;f ,g;nghJg';f;rh; Kiwf;F gjpyhf g[jpa etPd rpfpr;ir Kiwfs; te;J tpl;ld. b$h;kdp/ M!;jp nuypah/ nghd;w ehLfspy;; cs;s rpytp";"hdpfs; Muha;r;rpapd; gydhf ,e;j ird!; mHw;rpia Rj;jk;bra;jhy; kl;Lk; nghjhJ.

  Kfj;jpy; Vw;gl;;l milg;iga[k; epth;j;jp bra;jhy;jhd; gpur;rpidf;F
epue;jukhf jPh;t[ fhzKoa[k; vd;w fUj;J Vw;gl;lJ. ,jd; tpisthf ird!; mWit rpfpr;irf;F gjpyhf vz:lh!;nfhgpf; mWit rpfpr;ir Kiw ,g;nghJ kpft[k; gpugykhfp tUfpd;wJ.

  ,jpy; \f;fpd; tHpahf rpwpa vz:lh!;nfhg;ig brYj;jp ird!pd;
Kfg;ig Kf;F tHpahf mqfp mjpy; Vw;gl;Ls;s milg;g[fis ePf;fp
me;j milg;ig tphpt[ gLj;JtJjhd; ,e;j rpfpr;irapd; Kf;fpa ntiy MFk;. ird!; gpur;rpidf;F ,e;j rpfpr;ir \yk; epue;jukhdFzk; ju Koa[k;. ,e;j rpfpr;irahdJ ,d;Dk; tsh;r;rpaile;J ird!pf;F mLj;j cWg;g[fSf;Fk; itj;jpak; gz:z Koa[k;

  vd;w epiyf;F te;Js;sJ. cjhuzkhf fz:fspy; ePh; tojy;/ fz:zPh; nghFk; ghij milg;g[/ fz: frpt[ nghd;w neha;fSf;Fk; vz:lh!;nfhg; \yk; rpfpr;ir bra;ayhk;. fz:izr; Rw;wpa[s;s kw;wtpahjpfSf;Fk;

,e;j mqFKiw cjt[k;.

  ehskpy;yh Rug;gpfspy; Kf;fpakhdJ gpl;a{l;lhp Rug;gpjhd;. vy;yh Rug;gp fSf;Fk; \y Mjhukhd Rug;gp ,J. \isapd; moghfj;jpy; cs;s Rug;gp ahjyhy; mjpy; gpur;rpid tUtJ rf$k;. Kd;g[ ,e;jRug;gpapy; gpur;rpid Vw;gl;lhy; fodkhd mWit rpfpr;ir \yk; jhd; rhp bra;a Koa[k;. Mdhy; ,g;nghJ vz:lh!;nfhgpf;mWit rpfpr;ir \yk; \f;F tHpahf \isapd; mog;ghfj;ij mile;J kpf vspjpy; ,e;j mWit rpfpr;iria bra;J tplyhk;. mWit rpfpr;ir Jiwapy; ,J g[ul;rpfukhd Kd;ndw;wk; jhd;. \isapd; mog;ghfj;jpy; ,Ue;J fghyePh; toe;jhy; Kd;bgy;yhk; jiyia cilj;J mWit rpfpr;ir bra;thh;fs;. Mdhy; ,d;W vz:lh!; nfhgpf; Kiwapy; vspjhf ,e;j rpfpr;iria bra;a KofpwJ.

,jdhy; nehahspf;F vd;d gyd;>

  Eqf;fkhft[k;/ Jy;ypakhft[k;/ neh;j;jpahft[k; ,e;j rpfpr;irnkw;bfhs;sg; gLtjhy; njhypy; Vw;gLj;Jk; btl;Ljyhy; uj;jf;frpt[/  fPwy;fs; Kfj;jpy; fPwy;/ jGk;g[ nghd;wit jtph;f;fg;gLfpd;wJ.vy;yhtw;wpw;Fk; nkyhf ghJ fhg;ghd rpfpr;ir ,J. ,d;iwf;F ird!; gpur;rpidf;F jPh;t[ fhz fz:L gpof;fg;gl;Ls;s g[ul;rpfukhd Kd;ndw;wk;jhd; ,J.

nyrh; rpfpr;ir„

  fhJ/ \f;F/ bjhz:ilapy; nyrh; rpfpr;irapd; g';F vd;d vd;gij
ghh;g;nghk;. Light Amplipication and Stimulated Emission of Radion vd;gjd; RUf;fk;jhd;
nyrh; (Laser) vd;gJ MFk;. nyrh; vd;gJ rhjhuz xspf;fjph;jhd;.Mdhy; ,jw;Fk;/ kw;w xspf;Fk; tpj;jpahrk; cz:L. ,J xnu mst[s;s miyfshy; Md fjph;fs; (Monochromatic)MFk;. xnu rPuhd xnu jpirapy;  bry;Yk; miyfs; xU nfhh;itahf ,e;j miyfs; ,Ug;gjhy; rhjhuz xspf;fjph; fis tpl gy nfho rf;jptha;e;j xspf;fjph;fshf,J khWfpd;wJ.

  nyriu mWit rpfpr;irf;fhf Kjd; Kjyhf gad;gLj;jpa bgUik
lhf;lh; !;?th;l; !;l;uh'; vd;w M';fpnya mWit rpfpr;irepg[ziuna rhUk;. fhJ \f;F bjhz:il epg[zuhd mth; cgnahfpj;jJTl fhh;g;d;il Mf;i!L nyriuj;jhd;. ,Jjhd; gy tUl';fshf cgnahfj;jpy; ,Ue;jJ. ,g;nghJ g[jpjhf nf.o.gpvd;w etPd tifapyhd nyrh; te;Jtpl;lJ.

  mLj;J nyriu gad;gLj;Jtjhy; vd;dd;d yhgk; vd;W ghh;g;nghk;. nyriu bfhz:L fj;jpiag; nghd;W jiria btl;lyhk;. uj;jf;frpt[ Vw;glh ky; uj;j FHha;fis rPy; bra;J milf;f Koa[k;.jiria nyrh; bfhz:L g!;gkhf/ Mtpahf khw;wyhk;. mjhtJ xd;Wk; ,y;yhky; bra;J tplyhk;. Kf;fpakhd cWg;g[fspy; mWit rpfpr;ir bra;a[k;nghJ ntz:lhj jirf is vLj;Jtpl;L ntz:oa jirfis Eqf;fkhf brg;gdpl Koa[k;.

  cjhuzkhf Fuy;tis kpfkpf mjprakhd cWg;g[. Mapuk; fUtpfs; cs;s Mh;f;bf!;luhthy;Tl xU kdpjdpd; Fuy;tisapy;Vw;gLk;  xU ,iria fhg;gp bra;a KoahJ. ,jpy; VnjDk; gpur;rpid Vw;gl;lhy; mjhtJ Fuy; fk;ky;/ Fuypy; khw;wk; Vw;gLjy; nghd;wgpur;rpidf;F ,e;j nyrh; mWit rpfpr;ir ngUjtpahf cs;sJ.

,He;j Fuiy kPz:Lk; bgw Koa[kh>

  Fuy; tisapy; mWit rpfpr;ir bra;a[k; nghJ/ Fuy; tisapy; Vw;gl;l gpur;rpidf;F jPh;t[ fhz:gJld; ve;jtpjkhd jGk;g[k;  ,y;yhky; rpfpr;ir bra;ayhk;. mjw;F nyrh; kpfkpf mj;jpahtrpakhd fUtpahfp tpl;lJ. nkYk; Fwl;il/ ird!;/ fhjpy; Vw;gLk; gpur;rpid/ fGj;J kw;Wk; jiyapy; Vw;gLk; g[w;W neha;fs; kw;Wk;vy;yhtpjkhd mWit rpfpr;ir Kiwf;Fk; nyriu gad;gLj;Jk; epiyf;F ,g;nghJ te;Js;nshk;.

  nyrh; mWit rpfpr;irapy; uj;jk; bfhLf;f ntz:Lk; vd;gjpy;iy. vdnt va;l;!; gakpy;iy. mWit rpfpr;irf;F gpd; Vw;gLk; typkpfkpf Fiwt[. fhiyapy; rpfpr;irf;F brd;why; khiyapy; jpUk;gp tplyhk;. kUj;Jtkid apy; j';f ntz:oa mtrpakpy;iy. mWit rpfpr;ir  Kiwapy; Fwpg;ghf fhJ/ \f;F/ bjhz:ilapy; nyrh; xU bghpag[ul;rpjhd;. rhjhuz lhd;rpy; vd;why;Tl nyrh; bfhz:L typapy;yhky; rpfpr;ir nkw;bfhs;syhk;.